• A process layout is a functional grouping of machines. For example, a group of lathe machines are arranged in one area, drill machines in another area, grinding machines in another area and so on. Different job jumps from one area to another differently. Hence, the flow of jobs is difficult to perceive. This type of layout is suitable for a make-to-order or an assemble- to-order production environment, as in a job shop where customization is high, demand fluctuates, and volume of production low. Since a wide variety of products are produced, general purpose equipments and workers with varied skills are needed. • A product layout arrangement of machines. Every job visits the machines in the same order. This type of layout is suitable for a make-to-stock or an assemble-to-stock production environment, as in a flow shop where products are standard, demand stable, and volume of production high. Since variety is low, special purpose equipments and workers with a limited skil...
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